Cigarette dust particles induced lung function injury of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in mice

AIM: To investigate the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive disease (COPD) in mice by using nasal drip of cigarette dust particles (DSP) induced pulmonary function damage model.METHODS: BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, LPS 100 mg/L group, DSP 0.75 mL/L group, DSP 1.5 mL/L group and DSP 3 mL/L group for 30 days. The method of nasal drip was used for 30 days to establish the COPD model. Rrs, Ers, Crs, Est, Cst, P-3/8Rn, P-3/8G and P-3/8H were measured for evaluating lung function of the mice in each group by the method of FlexiVent. The effect on the increase of airway resistance induced by methacholine (Mach) was determined using main bronchial rings by Myograph method. The HE, Masson and Resorcinol fuchsin staining of mouse tracheas and lung tissues were conducted. RESULTS: Continuous nasal drip with DSP for 30 days increased Rrs, Ers, Est, P-3/8Rn and decreased Crs, Cst, P-3/8G and P-3/8H in the mice. DSP significantly shifted the dose-effect curve of tracheal contraction induced by Mach to the left, increased the sensitivity of the airway to Mach, and significantly increased the maximal contractile airway effect of Mach. Exposure to DSP caused fibrosis of airway subepithelial, deposition of collagen in the airway basement membrane under the reticular plate, induced reticular plate thickening, pulmonary bronchial lumen serious deformation, and the inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung of mice. Significantly increased alveolar wall muscle fibers and collagen fibers were also observed. CONCLUSION: The lung function and pathomorphological changes of COPD mice induced by 30 days nasal drip of cigarette dust particles were similar to those of human COPD.     

SPI凝胶颗粒制备及其Pickering高内相乳液特性研究

制备了大豆分离蛋白（Soy protein isolate，SPI）凝胶颗粒，并使用该颗粒制备了稳定的Pickering高内相乳液。通过粒径和ζ 电位测定、冷冻扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察以及外观分析，以流变特性为指标，对SPI凝胶颗粒和Pickering高内相乳液特性进行研究。结果表明，SPI凝胶颗粒的粒径和ζ 电位随pH值的变化而变化，当SPI凝胶颗粒pH值为4.0～5.0时，临近SPI等电点，ζ 电位的绝对值最小，此时凝胶颗粒相互聚集，不能成功制备稳定的高内相乳液。在pH值为 9.0时，大豆分离蛋白凝胶颗粒紧密结合在一起，呈凝胶网络状结构。在碱性条件下，蛋白质质量分数为1.00%、内相体积分数为78%～82%时，可以制备稳定的Pickering高内相乳液。通过增加内相体积分数，使大豆分离蛋白凝胶颗粒稳定的Pickering乳液体系分布更加均匀，不易发生聚集，形成更加致密稳定的多孔结构，且具有更强的弹性凝胶乳液特性。     

Nanostructured liquid crystalline particle assisted delivery of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to weeds,crops and model plants

Routine agricultural practices are heavily dependent on the use of surfactants, many of which are toxic to humans and detrimental to the environment. In proof of concept work we have previously shown the potential of nanostructured liquid crystalline particles (NLCP) to safely interact with plant leaf cuticular surfaces with minimal impact on epicuticular waxes. Here we demonstrate the use of NLCP to effectively deliver the auxin herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) to plant leaves in laboratory and field studies. In the laboratory, the physiological stress responses of lupin, Lupinus angustifolius (L.) (Fabaceae) towards NLCP spray applications were shown to be much reduced in comparison with application of two common surfactants. Phytotoxicity assays of 2,4-D loaded NLCP were used to validate the herbicidal effects on Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynth. (Brassicaceae) and established a similarity with that of surfactant assisted 2,4-D delivery when tested at a concentration of 0.1%. Field trials were conducted to test the efficacy of NLCP-assisted delivery of 2,4-D in comparison with commercial surfactants for the control of the invasive weed wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum (L.) (Brassicaceae), in wheat, Triticum aestivum (L.) (Poaceae) crop fields. Compared against Estercide 800, a commercially available 2,4-D formulation, NLCP assisted delivery of 2,4-D was effective at low concentrations of 0.03% and 0.06%. The crop yield remained similar for all the tested concentrations and formulations of 2,4-D loaded NLCP and Estercide 800. This is the first report to directly show that, as an alternative to conventional methods, NLCP can be used under both laboratory and field conditions to successfully delivery an agrochemical.     

携带猪流行性腹泻病毒S1抗原表位的乙肝核心抗原病毒样颗粒的构建与鉴定

旨在构建以乙肝核心抗原（HBcAg）为载体呈现猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）S1抗原表位的病毒样颗粒。将PEDV S1蛋白中含B细胞表位的270 bp片段插入到HBcAg主要免疫显性区域（MIR）,构建重组质粒pET-32a（+）-HBcAg-PEDV S1,转化到感受态细胞BL21（DE3）中,经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE鉴定纯化后的重组蛋白,通过透射电镜观察其形态结构。结果显示,成功构建重组质粒pET-32a（+）-HBcAg-PEDV S1,并在BL21（DE3）中以包涵体形式表达,纯化、复性后的重组蛋白经过2%磷钨酸负染后透射电子显微镜检测到病毒样颗粒结构。HBcAg-PEDV S1重组蛋白能够自发形成病毒样颗粒,在原核表达中,乙肝核心抗原可作为载体呈现PEDV S1抗原表位,为今后新型PED疫苗的研究提供了思路。     

硅颗粒对Al-Si合金显微组织的影响

通过在不同温度下向亚共晶AlSi合金熔体中加入固体Al20%Si(质量分数)合金,研究了初生硅颗粒对Al7%Si合金显微组织产生的影响。结果表明:随着处理温度的降低,显微组织从树枝状α相加含针状硅的共晶相,转变成球形α相加含短针状硅的共晶相,最后变成硅颗粒加粗化的球形α相和更少的共晶相。当选择合适的Al20%Si合金组织和处理温度时,采用该工艺可有效地制备半固态成形用坯料。结合初生硅颗粒在亚共晶AlSi合金熔体中的变化过程,对Al7%Si显微组织的演化机理进行了分析。     

油液污染颗粒引起的齿轮泵劣化失效研究

综合传动系统油液污染度较高,污染颗粒磨损极易引发齿轮泵流量劣化。基于齿轮泵流量劣化机理,从颗粒破碎的微观角度建立了端面间隙泄漏通道的污染颗粒破碎模型,确定了颗粒破碎常数与泄漏因子的取值。在此基础上推导齿轮泵流量劣化模型,建立了污染颗粒质量与磨损参数的线性关系,并分析了污染颗粒浓度、齿轮泵结构参数等影响因素。试验验证结果表明,齿轮泵流量劣化模型能较好地解释颗粒破碎、磨屑生成等污染磨损过程,并从理论角度提出齿轮泵污染耐受度的估算方法。该模型对于综合传动液压润滑系统设计与污染控制研究有重要的实用价值。     

The anti VEGF monoclonal antibody conjugated with nanometer particle of 5-FU

AIM:The characteristics of nanometer particles, which were prepared by the conjugation of anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies and 5-fluorouracil-loaded polylactic acid nanometer particles (5-FU-NPs), were investigated for improving the anticancer activity of 5-FU. METHODS:The method of couple linkage of chemical bonds was used to prepare the 5-FU-NPs with VEGF antibody, then the appearance, distribution of particle diameter, releasing in vitro and the immunological activity were detected. RESULTS:The 5-FU-Ab-NPs appeared as regular globular, the average particle diameter was (202±23)nm. The 5-FU-Ab-NPs possessed the similar delayed release character of 5-FUs. More than 80% of the immmunogical activity were detected in conjugates-retained antibody by the immunological methods and electron microscopy. CONCLUSION:The 5-FU-Ab-NPs possess the similar delayed released activity to 5-FU-NPs and have double activity of immune targeting and delayed releasing, which may increase the local concentration of 5-FU.     

Soil Potassium Indices and Clay‐Sized Particles affecting Banana‐Wilt Expression Caused by Soil Fungus in Banana Plantation Development on Transported Volcanic Soils

Abstract

Relations among the expression of banana disease symptoms caused by the soil fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, soil potassium (K)–sodium (Na) properties [soluble K‐Na ratios (SK/SS), potential buffering capacity for K (KBC), potassium adsorption ratio (KAR)], and clay‐sized particles were evaluated in Sorribas plots from the Canary Islands. Soils were sampled in areas of Sorribas where banana plants show positive or negative wilting symptoms characteristic of Panama disease. The Bartoli method was used for soil dispersion (Na resin). This method was able to show a clear separation between diseased and disease‐free areas by the amount of clay‐sized particles. Results also show that the greatest SK/SS ratios and clay‐sized particles in soils from diseased areas could explain the increase of water‐stable aggregate mass in these soils and the release of available iron (Fe) to soil solution in diseased areas, at least in Sorribas cultivated soils under the arid climate conditions of the Canary Islands.     

刨花干燥方法的研究

通过对刨花干燥方法的研究，为人们选择合理的干燥方法、提高刨花的干燥质量及节约能源提供依据。